Eventually, two police officers approached the stopped bus, assessed the situation and placed Parks in custody. Although Parks used her one phone call to contact her husband, word of her arrest had spread quickly and E. Nixon was there when Parks was released on bail later that evening. Nixon had hoped for years to find a courageous Black person of unquestioned honesty and integrity to become the plaintiff in a case that might become the test of the validity of segregation laws.
By midnight, 35, flyers were being mimeographed to be sent home with Black schoolchildren, informing their parents of the planned boycott. Meanwhile, Black participation in the boycott was much larger than even optimists in the community had anticipated. Nixon and some ministers decided to take advantage of the momentum, forming the Montgomery Improvement Association MIA to manage the boycott, and they elected Reverend Dr.
As appeals and related lawsuits wended their way through the courts, all the way up to the U. Her husband, brother and mother all died of cancer between and But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present.
Parks was not the first African American woman to be arrested for refusing to yield her seat on a Montgomery bus. Nine months before Parks was jailed, year-old Claudette Colvin was the first Montgomery bus passenger to be arrested for refusing to give up her seat for a Twelve years later, on December 1, , on her way home from a long day of work as a department store Revered as a civil rights icon, Rosa Parks is best known for sparking the Montgomery Bus Boycott, but her activism in the Black community predates that day.
When Rosa Parks refused to give her seat on a Montgomery bus to a white man in , she was put in handcuffs and arrested. But what happened next? The answer to that question just became more clear thanks to a new discovery: disintegrating court records that detail the legal I was No, the only tired I was, was tired of giving in. This event then lit a fire under the effort to end segregation and promote equal citizenship and treatment for African-Americans. For the NAACP, Parks was the perfect person to be the face of the Montgomery bus boycott, and on the day Parks went to court, the group arranged for a one-day boycott of passenger buses.
I had not planned to get arrested. I had plenty to do without having to end up in jail. The more we gave in, the more we complied with that kind of treatment, the more oppressive it became. With Parks, the MIA had someone to rally the community around, but it lacked a charismatic spokesperson to help spread the nature and message of the cause. At the time, Martin Luther King Jr. Almost a year later, on Nov.
Segregation on public buses eventually ended in after a Supreme Court ruling declared it unconstitutional in Browder v. Parks was not included as a plaintiff in the decision since her case was still pending in the state court. In addition to her arrest, Parks lost her job as a seamstress at a local department store. Her husband Raymond lost his job as a barber at a local air force base after his boss forbade him to talk about the legal case. Parks and her husband left Montgomery in to find work, first traveling to Virginia and later to Detroit, Michigan.
Parks supported the militant Black power movement, whose leaders disagreed with the methods of the nonviolent movement represented by Martin Luther King. Her break with other Montgomery leaders over the future of the civil rights struggle contributed to her departure from the Southern city.
Parks was struck by the similarity in treatment of African Americans in Detroit, finding that schools and housing were just as segregated as they were in the South. She joined the movement for fair housing and lent her support to local candidate John Conyers in his bid for Congress. After he was elected in , Conyers repaid the favor by employing Parks as his secretary in his Detroit office, a position she held until her retirement in In the role, Parks worked with constituents on issues such as job discrimination, education, and affordable housing.
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